Means to delay fuel enrichment when



Jan, 24, 1%% F. K. H. NALLINGER 2,731,792

MEANS TO DELAY FUEL ENRICHMENT WHEN STARTING TURBO-SUPERCHARGER FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Oct. 9, 1950 MEANS T DELAY FUEL ENRICHMENT WHEN STARTHIJG TURBG-SUPERCHARGER FGR liN- TERNAL-CGMEUSTZQN ENGENES Friedrich K. H. N allinger, Stuttgart, Germany, assigncr to Daimler-Benz Alrtiengeselischaft, Stuttgart-{internalihelm, Germany Application Gctober 9, 1959, Serial N 189,035 In Switzerland Gctobcr 7, 1949 Public Law 619, August 23, 1954 Patent expires October 7, 1969 It (Ilaims. (Cl. 69-13) The invention relates to the regulation of combustion engines with a supercharger, particularly of vehicle diesel engines with an exhaust-supercharger, whereby simultaneously with the engagement of the supercharger the amount of fuel is increased.

It is above all an object of the present invention to obtain an advantageous transition from the operation without supercharger to an operation with supercharger. The engagement of the supercharger, for example, of a turbo-supercharger driven by the exhaust gases, is as a rule operated in dependence upon the position of the power control member, which is operated by the driver, the so-called throttle pedal, that is in such a manner that the amount of fuel is increased up to a certain position of the regulation member, for example, by adjusting the regulation member of a priming pump, up to a maximum value without engaging the supercharger, and upon exceeding this position, on the one hand, the supercharger is engaged and, on the other hand, the amount of fuel is further increased in accordance with the operation of the supercharger of the engine. The supercharger, particularly an exhaust turbine supercharger, requires, however, from the moment of the engagement a certain amount of time in order to reach the number of revolutions necessary for the operation of supercharging, while the regulation of fuel is immediately adjusted to the operation of supercharging. As a consequence thereof, as long as the blower does not yet supply the required amount of air, a strongly smoking exhaust is produced. This smoke represents, on the one hand a molestation of the traffic in the street and, on the other hand, it is detrimental to the engine, since, setting aside the increased consumption of fuel, by the supenenfichment of the fuel mixture in the cylinders oil carbon or soot is produced, which soot contributes towards grinding of the cylinders.

in contradistinction thereto, it is an essential characteristic of the present invention that the increase of the amount of fuel is effected with a retardation in time. This retardation is suitably chosen in such a manner that the increase of the quantity of fuel is effected approximately in accordance with the quantity of air, which increases during the starting activity of the supercharger; i. e. the period of retardation is to correspond approximately to that time, which the blower, or the exhaust turbine for the drive of the blower requires, in order to reach the full number of revolutions.

According to a further characteristic of the present invention the member regulating the amount of fuel is connected with the power control member, the so-called throttle pedal, by means of a spring mechanism, and furthermore provision is made for a stop, which detains the quantity regulating member in the position of engagement for the supercharger and which is connected with a retardation device, and which permits a further adjustment of the quantity regulating member under the effect nited States Pater of the spring mechanism only upon yielding thereof, which takes place with a certain retardation or lag in time.

In order to achieve this retardation in time, in accordance with a further characteristic of the present invention, provision is made for an oil brake or dampening device, which permits only a slow yielding of the stop in the direction of an increase of the amount of fuel by throttling of the displaced oil. In the opposite direction, however, upon disengaging of the supercharger, there occurs a yielding without retardation; under certain circumstances, the decrease of the amount of fuel upon disengaging of the supercharger can also be effected with retardation in time, so that the amount of fuel is adjusted to correspond to the slowing down of the supercharger. Suitably the stop, which detains the fuel regulating memberwith retardation, is arranged in an adjustable manner.

In the drawing an example of construction of the invention is shown in diagrammatic form. The power control member d of a priming or fuel injection pump e is provided, for example, with a controlling rod for said pump. Said member d is connected to the power control member or throttle pedal a by the rod 12 through a spring mechanism c. The spring mechanism consists, for example, of a stop c1, which is connected with the rod b, and a stop c3, which is connected with the fuel quantity regulating member a, and surrounds spring c2. Said stop 63 is shaped as a casing, so that normally the stops c1, 03 are kept in a certain final position relative to each other by means of spring 02, which is under an initial tension, and permits a relative drawing apart of the rods or regulation parts 12 and 0'. Furthermore, exhaust gases are supplied to a turbine 1 through the outlet line to drive the blower h for supplying air to the inlet line i. For the engagement and disengagement of the exhaust turbine provision is made for a switching mechanism or valve k, which guides the exhaust gases either through a line 1 directly to the outside, thereby by-passing the exhaust turbine f to a mufiler m, or for the purpose of driving the exhaust turbine f, conducts the gases through the turbine f. The control lever 11 is connected by means of rods 0 to an angle lever or hell crank p, which is adjusted by means of a stop 4; on the rod b, for example, against the effect of a spring, in a counter-clockwise direction, and thereby engages the exhaust supercharger, as soon as the power control member a, illustrated in its no-load position A0 exceeds a certain position A1 as shown.

Furthermore, the stop as or another stop connected with the rods for the power control member d pushes in the same position A1 of the power control member 0 against the lever r, which is connected through rods s with a piston 11, which slides in a cylinder t. The two piston sides of the piston a are connected with each other by means of a throttle line or throttle opening v, which can, for example, also be arranged in the piston, so that the medium, for example oil, which is displaced by the piston in the cylinder t on the left side of the piston, can only reach the right side of the piston under retardation.

For the retrograde movement provision may be made for a by-pass line w having a relatively little throttling effect and a back pressure valve x, in such a manner, that upon movement of the piston 11 from the left to the right the oil can pass from the right to the left piston side unthrottled or almost unthrottled. In the rods s or at any other suitable place provision may be made for an adjusting device y, which makes possible a relative adjustment of the lever r, which serves as a stop with respect to the piston 1:. Furthermore, the throttle line v or the corresponding throttle opening may be adjustable or exchangeable for the re ulation of the desired time retardation.

The manner of operation of the shown arrangement is the following:

The position of pedal a at A is the idle or no-load position, A1 shows the full-load position when throttlepedal a does not engage or energize the exhaust supercharger, while A2 shows the full load position when the exhaust gas blower is connected. In this position A1, on the one hand, the stop q pushes against the lever 12 and, on the other hand, the stop 03 against the lever r. If the throttle pedal is further pushed through from the positionAr into the position A2, this can only be done against the effect of the spring (:2, as well as, for example, against the effect of, for example relatively weak, springs which hold the rods 11, 0, p of the exhaust turbine, or the rods r, s, u for the time retardation device in their end positions. While now upon movement of the throttle pedal from A1 to A2 the engagement of the exhaust turbine is efiected directly, in that the lever p is taken along forcibly by the stop (1 and thereby the lever n is turned to the dotted line position 11', the quantity regulating member d of the priming pump is at first detained in its position by the lever 2', which acts as a stop, in that the spring 02 is compressed by the stop or, which is drawn to the right. The strain of the spring cz seeks to move the piston it through r and s to the left, which however, in accordance with the throt tling in the throttle line v is only possible with a certain retardation in time. Suitably the throttling is adjusted in such a manner that the release of the spring 02, i. e. the movement of the piston into its other end position requires just as much time as the exhaust turbine f or the blower h requires, in order to reach full numbers of revolution. After release of the spring 02, i. e. as soon as the stop cr is again located at the stop (:3, the amount of fuel is set by the regulating member a to a value, which corresponds to the charging air quantity supplied by the blower h.

The invention is not restricted to the illustrated example of construction. It is preferably designed for diesel engines, vehicle drive and exhaust-turbo-supercharger. However, it can also be utilized in other machines or engines, for other purposes of utilization and other blower drives. The blower can be designed as a gyroscopic blower or as a piston blower, or as a Roots blower.

What I claim is:

l. A control device for internal combustion engines having a supercharger blower, comprising switching means for engaging and disengaging said blower, control means for varying the quantity of fuel fed to the engine from a no-load quantity to a normal full-load quantity with said lower disengaged and therebeyond to an overload quantity with said blower engaged, first means for adjusting said control means, second means for adjusting said switching means, common actuating means for both said first and second adjusting means adjustable from a noload position over a normal full-load position to an overload position including third means for adjusting said second adjusting means during movement of said common actuating means from a normal full-load position to an overload position thereof and further means for adjusting said first adjusting means with delay during movement of said common actuating means from a normal full-load position to an overload position thereof.

2. Control device according to claim 1, wherein said third means adjusts said second adjusting means proportional to movement of said common actuating means from the normal full-load position to an overload position thereof.

3. A regulating device for internal combustion engines provided with a supercharger blower, comprising a blower, means for energizing said blower, means for regulating the quantity of fuel for the internal combustion engine between a normal full load quantity and an overload quantity required for operation with said blower energized, means for jointly actuating said means for energizing said blower and said means for regulating the quantity of fuel to increase the quantity of fuel from said full load quantity to said overload quantity upon energization of said rendering ineffective said arresting means, said two last named means being operative'to effect a time delay corresponding substantially to the time required for said blower to reach full speed after energizationthereof.

4. Regulating device for combustion engines with a I supercharger blower, comprising an adjustable operating member, an engaging device for the blower, means for regulating the quantity of fuel, means including rods for connecting said operating member with said regulating member, elastic means in said rods,-said rods comprising a first part connecting said operating member with said elastic means and a second part connecting said elastic means with said regulating means, means for operating said blower engaging device by said first part of said rods, means including a stop member for'said second part of the rods for determining said fuel regulating member in a fixed position under the simultaneous effect of said elastic means, and time delay means forreleasing said stop member with delay under the efiect of said elastic means.

5. Regulating device according to claim 4, wherein the means for operating the blower engaging device com-- prises a stop on said first part, said stop being movable relatively to the blower engaging device to operate the same upon adjustment of the fuel quantity regulating member to normal full-load quantity, and wherein said stop member for said fuel quantity regulating means is provided with appropriate play for detaining said regulating means in the same position with time delay in which said stop starts to move said blower engaging device.

6. Regulating device according to claim 4, wherein said time delay means consists of a piston and of a cylinder with means for throttling the flow of a fluid from one side to the other side of said piston.

7. Regulating device according to claim 4 further comprising means adjusting said stop member in the direction of movement of the rods.

8. A device for delaying fuel enrichment during starting of a turbo-supercharger for internal combustion engines comprising a blower, adjustable means for engaging said supercharger, means operatively connected with the fuel supply of the engine for regulating such supply between a no-load position, a full load position with the supercharger engaged and a full load position with the supercharger disengaged, means for jointly operating both said means for engaging the blower and for increasing the quantity of fuel from the full load quantity to overload quantity, and adjustable time delay means operatively connected with the second-mentioned means for adjusting the fuel supply with a time delay in providing said overload quantity. 9. Regulating device for internal combustion engine comprising a supercharger blower, regulating means for positively varying the amount of fuel fed to the engine from a no-load quantity through a normal full-load quantity to an overload quantity, and means operatively connected with said blower and said regulating means for engaging said blower only in the range between said full load quantity and said overload quantity and for temporarily delaying adjustment of said regulating means. from said full-load quantity to said overload quantity.

upon engagement of said blower.

10. Regulating device for internal combustion engines comprising a supercharger blower, regulating meansfor positively varying the amount of fuel fed to the engine from a no-load quantity through a normal full load quantity to an overload quantity, and means operatively connected with said blower and said regulating means for instantaneously and proportionally adjusting said regulating means in the range between said no-load quantity to said full-load quantity and for engaging said blower only in the range between said full-load quantity and said References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Vincent Jan. 2, 1934 Mallory June 1, 1937 Nallinger Nov. 12, 1940 Lysholm Apr. 22, 1941 6 Oswald May 5, 1942 Oswald Dec. 22, 1942 Prince July 3, 1945 Rowe et a1 July 31, 1951 Taub Jan. 15, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS GreatBritain June 18, 1942 Great Britain June 11, 1945 Italy Dec. 23, 1946 

